喜報！《2021年全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)報告》發(fā)布！中國升至第12位！

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原標(biāo)題：WIPO中國：中國GII排名全球12，上升2位

2021年9月20日，世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織（WIPO）在日內(nèi)瓦發(fā)布了2021年全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)（GII）。中國今年在全球參與排名的132個經(jīng)濟(jì)體中位列第12名，與2020年相比上升2個位次，仍是唯一進(jìn)入全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)前30名的中等收入經(jīng)濟(jì)體。

2021年9月20日，世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織（WIPO）在日內(nèi)瓦發(fā)布了2021年全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)（GII）。中國延續(xù)了去年取得的進(jìn)步，排名升至全球第12位。

On September 20, 2021, the Global Innovation Index 2021 (GII) has been released by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in Geneva. China continues its progress made last year and ranks 12th in the world.

報告顯示，在新冠肺炎疫情造成巨大的人員傷亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的情況下，世界上許多地方的政府和企業(yè)加大了創(chuàng)新投資，這說明人們?nèi)找嬲J(rèn)識到，新想法對于克服疫情以及確保后疫情時代的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長而言至關(guān)重要。

According to the GII, Governments and enterprises in many parts of the world scaled up investments in innovation amid the massive human and economic toll of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Global Innovation Index 2021 showed, illustrating a growing acknowledgement that new ideas are critical for overcoming the pandemic and for ensuring post-pandemic economic growth.

2020年的科學(xué)產(chǎn)出、研發(fā)支出、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)申請和風(fēng)險資本交易在疫情前強(qiáng)勁表現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)增長。值得注意的是，與以往的衰退相比，研發(fā)支出在與疫情相關(guān)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期間展現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)的韌性。

Scientific output, expenditures in research and development (R&D), intellectual property filings and venture capital (VC) deals continued to grow in 2020, building on strong pre-crisis performance. Notably, R&D expenditures showed greater resilience during the pandemic-linked economic downturn than in previous slumps.

然而，根據(jù)GII的新功能“全球創(chuàng)新跟蹤器”顯示，危機(jī)對各行各業(yè)的影響很不均衡。產(chǎn)出包括軟件、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和通信技術(shù)、硬件和電氣設(shè)備以及制藥和生物技術(shù)的企業(yè)加大了創(chuàng)新投資和研發(fā)力度。與此相反，跟蹤器顯示，所在部門——如運(yùn)輸和旅游——受到疫情防控措施嚴(yán)重打擊，并且商業(yè)模式依賴親身體驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｊ降钠髽I(yè)削減了其支出。2021年GII顯示，前沿技術(shù)進(jìn)步帶來巨大希望，新冠肺炎疫苗的快速發(fā)展就是最好的例證。

However, the impact of the crisis has been highly uneven across industries, according to a new GII feature, the Global Innovation Tracker. Firms with outputs including software, internet and communications technologies, hardware and electrical equipment industry and pharmaceuticals and biotechnology amplified their investments in innovation and increased their R&D efforts. In contrast, firms in sectors heavily hit by the pandemic’s containment measures and whose business models rely on in-person activities – such as transport and travel – cut back their outlays, the tracker showed. The GII 2021 shows that technological progress at the frontier holds substantial promise, with the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines being the greatest example.

鄧鴻森

今年的全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)向我們表明，盡管新冠肺炎對生活和生計造成了巨大影響，但許多部門都展現(xiàn)出驚人的韌性——特別是那些注重數(shù)字化、技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新的部門。在世界期待從疫情中重建之際，我們知道創(chuàng)新對于克服我們面臨的共同挑戰(zhàn)、建設(shè)更美好的未來，發(fā)揮著不可或缺的作用。全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)是一種獨(dú)特的工具，可以指導(dǎo)政策制定者和企業(yè)界制定計劃，確保我們擺脫疫情并變得更加強(qiáng)大。

This year’s Global Innovation Index shows us that in spite of the massive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lives and livelihoods, many sectors have shown remarkable resilience – especially those that have embraced digitalization, technology and innovation. As the world looks to rebuild from the pandemic, we know that innovation is integral to overcoming the common challenges that we face and to constructing a better future. The Global Innovation Index is a unique tool to guide policy-makers and businesses in charting plans to ensure that we emerge stronger from the pandemic.

圖丨世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織   Photo: WIPO

GII在對全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體創(chuàng)新能力和創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)出的年度排名中顯示，僅有少數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)體（大多為高收入經(jīng)濟(jì)體）始終名列前茅。然而，包括中國、土耳其、越南、印度、菲律賓在內(nèi)的部分中等收入經(jīng)濟(jì)體正在迎頭趕上并改變創(chuàng)新格局。 

In its annual ranking of the world’s economies on innovation capacity and output, the GII shows that only a few economies, mostly high income, consistently dominate the ranks. However, selected middle income economies, including China, Turkey, Viet Nam, India, the Philippines, are catching up and changing the innovation landscape.

瑞士、瑞典、美國和聯(lián)合王國繼續(xù)領(lǐng)跑創(chuàng)新排名，在過去三年內(nèi)均位列前五。大韓民國于 2021年首次躋身GII前五，另有四個亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)體進(jìn)入前15位：新加坡（8）、中國（12）、日本（13）以及中國香港（14）。

Switzerland, Sweden, U.S., and U.K. continue to lead the innovation ranking, and have all ranked in the top 5 in the past three years. The Republic of Korea joins the top 5 of the GII for the first time in 2021, while four other Asian economies feature in the top 15: Singapore (8), China (12), Japan (13) and Hong Kong, China (14).

全球創(chuàng)新地理格局變化不均

北美洲和歐洲繼續(xù)在全球創(chuàng)新格局中遙遙領(lǐng)先。東南亞、東亞和大洋洲的創(chuàng)新表現(xiàn)在過去十年中最為活躍，是唯一與領(lǐng)先者縮小差距的地區(qū)。 

Northern America and Europe continue to lead the global innovation landscape as regions by far. The innovation performance of South East Asia, East Asia, and Oceania has been the most dynamic in the past decade. It is the only region closing the gap with the leaders.

中國仍是前30位中唯一的中等收入經(jīng)濟(jì)體。自2013 年以來，中國的GII 排名穩(wěn)步上升，已經(jīng)確立了作為全球創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)先者的地位，接近前十名。中國擁有19 個全球領(lǐng)先的科技集群，其中深圳-香港-廣州和北京分別位居第二和第三。

China is still the only middle-income economy that makes it to the top 30. Since 2013, China has moved steadily up the GII ranking, establishing itself as a global innovation leader while approaching the top 10. It boasts 19 of the top science and technology clusters worldwide - with Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou and Beijing in the 2nd and 3rd spots, respectively.

保加利亞（35）、馬來西亞（36）、土耳其（41）、泰國（43）、越南（44）、俄羅斯聯(lián)邦（45）、印度（46）、烏克蘭（49）以及黑山（50）進(jìn)入GII前50位。土耳其、越南、印度和菲律賓正在有計劃地迎頭趕上。除中國外，這些較大經(jīng)濟(jì)體有潛力從根本上改變?nèi)騽?chuàng)新格局。

Bulgaria (35), Malaysia (36), Turkey (41), Thailand (43), Viet Nam (44), the Russian Federation (45), India (46), Ukraine (49), and Montenegro (50) make it to the GII top 50. However, only Turkey, Viet Nam, India and the Philippines, are systematically catching up. Beyond China, these larger economies have the potential to change the global innovation landscape for good.

“GII顯示，盡管新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體往往發(fā)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)步改善其創(chuàng)新體系具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但一些中等收入經(jīng)濟(jì)體在創(chuàng)新方面已經(jīng)追趕上更加發(fā)達(dá)的經(jīng)濟(jì)體”，康奈爾大學(xué)前院長兼管理學(xué)教授蘇米特拉·杜塔說?！俺渌?，這些新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體已經(jīng)成功使國際技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓與其國內(nèi)創(chuàng)新形成互補(bǔ)，發(fā)展具有技術(shù)活力的服務(wù)，可以在國際上進(jìn)行交易，并最終塑造了更加平衡的創(chuàng)新體系?！?/p>

“The GII shows that although emerging economies often find it challenging to steadily improve their innovation systems, a few middle-income economies have managed to catch up in innovation with their more developed peers", says Former Dean and Professor of Management at Cornell University, Soumitra Dutta. “These emerging economies, among other things, have been able to successfully complement their domestic innovation with international technology transfer, develop technologically dynamic services that can be traded internationally, and ultimately have shaped more balanced innovation systems”.

圖丨世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織   Photo: WIPO

2021年GII的新研究結(jié)論

創(chuàng)新投資在大流行病之前達(dá)到了歷史最高峰，研發(fā)在 2019 年增長了 8.5%，實(shí)屬非凡。

Investments in innovation reached an all-time high before the pandemic with R&D growing at an exceptional rate of 8.5 percent in 2019.

2020年，有數(shù)據(jù)可查的研發(fā)支出最高的經(jīng)濟(jì)體在此方面的政府預(yù)算分配持續(xù)增長。全球研發(fā)支出最高的企業(yè)在2020年的研發(fā)支出增長約10%，有60%的研發(fā)密集型企業(yè)報告了研發(fā)支出增長。

Government budget allocations for the top R&D spending economies, for which data is available, showed continued growth in 2020. The top global corporate R&D spenders increased their R&D expenditures by around 10 percent in 2020, with 60 percent of these R&D-intensive firms reporting an increase.

2020年，風(fēng)險資本交易量增長5.8%，超過了過去10年的平均增長速度。亞太地區(qū)的強(qiáng)勁增長不僅彌補(bǔ)還超過了北美和歐洲地區(qū)的下降。非洲及拉丁美洲和加勒比地區(qū)也出現(xiàn)了兩位數(shù)的增長。2021年第一季度數(shù)據(jù)表明，2021年風(fēng)險資本活動更加活躍。

The number VC deals grew by 5.8 percent in 2020, exceeding the average growth rate of the past 10 years. Strong growth in the Asia Pacific region more than compensated for declines in North America and Europe. Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean also registered double digit increases. First quarter figures for 2021 suggest even more vibrant VC activity in 2021.

2020年，全球科學(xué)文章出版增長7.6%。

The publication of scientific articles worldwide grew by 7.6 percent in 2020.

 “2021年GII的主要研究結(jié)論中，位居前列的經(jīng)濟(jì)體所發(fā)生的變化非常顯著。除了大韓民國的驚人躍升（從第10位到第5位）外，法國（11）和中國（12）延續(xù)了去年取得的進(jìn)步，這兩者目前都有望躋身GII前十。這三個例子強(qiáng)調(diào)了政府政策和激勵措施對于促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新的持續(xù)重要性?？偟膩碚f，新冠疫情并沒有中斷2019至2020年的既定趨勢，因?yàn)閷τ趧?chuàng)新企業(yè)而言，融資（公共和私人）繼續(xù)保持相對充足，即便該企業(yè)屬于衛(wèi)生和生物科學(xué)領(lǐng)域之外?！睔W洲工商管理學(xué)院全球指數(shù)執(zhí)行董事布呂諾·朗萬說。

“Among the key findings of GII 2021, changes happening among the top economies are quite remarkable. In addition to Republic of Korea’s spectacular jump (from 10th to 5th), the continuation of progress made last year by France (11) and China (12) are confirmed, as both are now knocking at the door of the GII top 10. Those three examples underline the continued importance of governmental policies and incentives to stimulate innovation. Altogether, COVID did not disrupt the trends identified in 2019-2020, as financing (public and private) continued to remain relatively abundant for innovative firms, even outside the health and bio-sciences fields,” says INSEAD Executive Director for Global Indices Bruno Lanvin.

關(guān)于全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)

About the Global Innovation Index

圖丨世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織   Photo: WIPO

2021年全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)（GII）今年是第十四版，由產(chǎn)權(quán)組織與Portulans研究所合作出版，并得到了以下企業(yè)伙伴的支持：巴西全國工業(yè)聯(lián)盟、印度工業(yè)聯(lián)合會、Ecopetrol（哥倫比亞）和土耳其出口商大會。2021年建立了學(xué)術(shù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，使世界領(lǐng)先的大學(xué)參與GII研究，并支持在學(xué)術(shù)界傳播GII結(jié)果。百度集團(tuán)資深副總裁梁志祥先生和北京大學(xué)科技開發(fā)部部長姚衛(wèi)浩先生分別作為咨詢委員會成員和學(xué)術(shù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)成員參與了2021年全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)的研究工作。

The Global Innovation Index 2021 (GII), in its 14th edition this year, is published by WIPO, in partnership with the Portulans Institute and with the support of our corporate partners: the Brazilian National Confederation of Industry (CNI), Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), Ecopetrol (Colombia), and the Turkish Exporters Assembly (TIM). In 2021, an Academic Network was established to engage world-leading universities in GII research and support the dissemination of GII results within the academic community. Mr. Liang Zhixiang, Senior Vice President of Baidu Group and Mr. Yao Weihao, Director of the Office of Science and Technology Development of Peking University participated and contributed to the research of GII 2021 as Advisory Board members and Academic Network partners, respectively.

自2007年首次推出以來，GII已打造出衡量創(chuàng)新的議程，并成為了經(jīng)濟(jì)決策的基石，越來越多的政府對其年度GII結(jié)果展開系統(tǒng)性分析，并制定政策應(yīng)對措施以改善其表現(xiàn)。聯(lián)合國經(jīng)濟(jì)及社會理事會在其2019年關(guān)于科學(xué)、技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新促進(jìn)發(fā)展的決議中也承認(rèn)GII是衡量與可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)有關(guān)的創(chuàng)新的權(quán)威基準(zhǔn)。

Since its inception in 2007, the GII has shaped the innovation measurement agenda and become a cornerstone of economic policymaking, with an increasing number of governments systematically analyzing their annual GII results and designing policy responses to improve their performance. The GII has also been recognized by the UN Economic and Social Council in its 2019 resolution on Science, Technology and Innovation for Development as an authoritative benchmark for measuring innovation in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

GII每年發(fā)布，其核心是提供衡量表現(xiàn)的指標(biāo)并對132個經(jīng)濟(jì)體的創(chuàng)新生態(tài)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行排名。該指數(shù)以豐富的數(shù)據(jù)集為基礎(chǔ)——來自國際公私部門的81個指標(biāo)集合——超越了傳統(tǒng)的創(chuàng)新措施，因?yàn)閯?chuàng)新的定義已經(jīng)拓寬。GII不再局限于研發(fā)實(shí)驗(yàn)室以及發(fā)表的科學(xué)論文，而在本質(zhì)上更具普遍性和橫向性，包括社會、商業(yè)模式和技術(shù)層面。針對每個經(jīng)濟(jì)體都有一頁情況介紹，其中記錄了該經(jīng)濟(jì)體相對于指數(shù)中所有其他經(jīng)濟(jì)體而言，在所有指標(biāo)上的表現(xiàn)。經(jīng)濟(jì)體情況介紹還強(qiáng)調(diào)了該經(jīng)濟(jì)體的相對創(chuàng)新優(yōu)勢和劣勢。

Published annually, the core of the GII provides performance measures and ranks 132 economies on their innovation ecosystems. The Index is built on a rich dataset – the collection of 81 indicators from international public and private sources – going beyond the traditional measures of innovation since the definition of innovation has broadened. It is no longer restricted to research and development (R&D) laboratories and published scientific papers, and rather, is more general and horizontal in nature, including social, business model and technical aspects. For each economy a one-page profile is produced in which that economy’s performance on all indicators is recorded, relative to all other economies in the Index. The economy profiles also highlight an economy’s relative innovation strengths and weaknesses.

2021年GII是以兩個次級指數(shù)的平均值計算的。創(chuàng)新投入次級指數(shù)衡量的是支持和促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新活動的經(jīng)濟(jì)要素，這些要素共分為五大類：(1)制度，(2)人力資本與研究，(3)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，(4)市場成熟度和(5)商業(yè)成熟度。創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)出次級指數(shù)體現(xiàn)的是經(jīng)濟(jì)中創(chuàng)新活動的實(shí)際成果，分為兩大類：(6)知識與技術(shù)產(chǎn)出和(7)創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)出。

The GII 2021 is calculated as the average of two sub-indices. The Innovation Input Sub-Index gauges elements of the economy that enable and facilitate innovative activities and is grouped in five pillars: (1) Institutions, (2) Human capital and research, (3) Infrastructure, (4) Market sophistication, and (5) Business sophistication. The Innovation Output Sub-Index captures the actual result of innovative activities within the economy and is divided in two pillars: (6) Knowledge and technology outputs and (7) Creative outputs.

該指數(shù)提交給歐盟委員會聯(lián)合研究中心進(jìn)行獨(dú)立的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)審計。下載報告全文請?jiān)L問：

www.globalinnovationindex.org 

The index is submitted to an independent statistical audit by the European Commission, Joint Research Centre. To download the full report visit: 

www.globalinnovationindex.org

點(diǎn)擊“閱讀原文”查看關(guān)于全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)報告更多信息。

來源：WIPO中國

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注：原文鏈接：喜報！《2021年全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)報告》發(fā)布！中國升至第12位！（點(diǎn)擊標(biāo)題查看原文）

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